"Rough in" is a trade term to define the approximate spacing of water or waste lines or in the case of sinks it may indicate the spacing between holes for the faucett to mount. By example, a water closet flange (toilet flange) is properly spaced 12 inches out from the wall behind the toilet and 15 inches assured clearance to either side from tubs, cabinets or walls.
It would also indicate the elevation (height) of supply valves were they come through the wall or it may indicate the spacing between holes in a sink top.
The rough in dimensions for a fixture, tub, shower stall, pedastal sink etc would indicate the required dimensions for framing or hangers that must be attached to the framing of the structure.
Basically in new construction plumbing is done in three phases,,,rough in,,,stack out...and trim out.
Rough in generally defines Running the water main from the source to the structure, running the sewer line from the municipal sewer tap or septic tank and underslab work, laying supply and waste lines that will be under the concrete slab.
The general contractor will consult with the plumber during this phase to determine the minimum required finished elevation of the slab, which is determined by computing the length of run and required pitch of the sewer line from the septic tank or municipal tap to the furthest floor drain fixture from that point.
Once the slab is completed and the framing is up we do the "Stack out" During stackout all the lines that will ultimately be in the walls are put in. Usually the DWV (Drain, waste and Vent) inspection and static head test is done at this stage. Once its approved the general contractor is notified he can proceed with wallboard or wall finish.
After the walls are finished and cabinets are set we do the "Trim Out" At this stage toilets and sinks are set, faucetts are attached and all final trim or fixtures are put in place.
Rough in means any construction without the finish work. i.e. open exposed studs, so that wires may be pulled in, plumbing installed without water in the lines, waste lines run etc.
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